Building Evidence-Based Clinical Pathways with SNOMED CT, LOINC, CQL, and HL7 FHIR R5
Abstract The computerization of evidence-based clinical pathways requires more than translating narrative recommendations into simple “if–then” statements. A reliable implementation must preserve the meaning of clinical observations, diagnoses, interventions, timing constraints, exceptions, and evidence provenance while integrating with Electronic Health Record (EHR) and Laboratory Information System (LIS) workflows. SNOMED CT and LOINC aprovide complementary semantic foundations for this work. LOINC is commonly used to identify laboratory tests, clinical measurements, and other observations, whereas SNOMED CT represents clinical findings, disorders, organisms, procedures, and many qualitative result values. HL7 FHIR R5 provides the structural resources for representing knowledge artifacts, while Clinical Quality Language (CQL) supplies executable patient-level logic. This essay proposes a reference architecture consisting of a terminology server, a clinical pathway or knowledge-a...